"And who will go to the mind
on the stomach to sing hungry! "
(IA Krylov “Dragonfly and the Ant”)
Mastering school programs requires high mental activity from children. A small person who joins in knowledge not only performs hard work, but at the same time he grows, develops, and for all this he must receive adequate nutrition.
Or pasta, but solid wheat flour. But remember vegetables. The recipe for homemade chocolate you can find. Tea time consists of fruit or some biscuits. For some reason, not cute. Do not ban a range of dark chocolate or hot chocolate. This is important -. Do not deprive children of sweets, said Professor Buns let them be with fiber.
Recipe Ratatouille available. Dinner should be as early as possible in order to be able to process before bedtime. When the child ate balanced menu during the day, vegetable dish with a pot of yogurt or a piece of cheese will be the perfect ending to a healthy diet. They can be food with green beans, peas or mixtures from the freezer shelf. Another option is fish or meat with fresh vegetable garnish and, of course, fruit for dessert.
A modern schoolchild should eat at least four times a day, and for breakfast, lunch and dinner there should certainly be a hot meal.
Milk, cottage cheese, cheese and dairy products - sources of calcium and protein. Calcium and phosphorus deficiency will also help to fill fish dishes. As a garnish, it is better not to use potatoes or pasta, but steamed or boiled vegetables (cabbage, beets, onions, carrots, legumes, garlic and cabbage). During the day, students should drink at least two liters of liquid, but not soda, and fruit or vegetable juices. Nutrition student should be balanced. The schoolchildren’s menu must include products containing not only proteins, fats and carbohydrates, but also essential amino acids, vitamins, some fatty acids, minerals and trace elements. These components are not independently synthesized in the body, but are necessary for the full development of the child's body. The ratio between proteins, fats and carbohydrates should be 1: 1: 4.
“Bulgarian children do not receive enough milk, almost two times less than recommended,” warns the doctor. This cannot be compensated for at lunch. “Of course, children forget about this, they prefer carbonated drinks and a juice box,” said the professor.
Traditional bulgarian recipes, like a mash, for example, is very suitable because it has eggs, cheese and vegetables. Fruit juice or just fruit for dessert should not be missed. Additional recommendations of the Ministry of Health for proper nutrition of children in the application. And recipes and ideas for delicious dishes can be found in the section.
Once the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates gave mankind advice:
"There is to live, not live, to eat."
No one has yet challenged Socrates, but few follow his credo.
After all, food is a delight: after a good meal, the brain produces endorphins - special substances that bring a sense of peace and enhance mood. On guard of health, so that the pursuit of endorphins does not harm, there is a diet. Diet should be followed by all: both adults and children. This is especially important for a growing children's body.
Each country has its own approach to school meals. In some places they give children half-baked and snacks, while others choose a fixed menu. The most popular things you can put on the table at school are potatoes, rice and cabbage. In many schools, dairy and dairy products are replaced by fruit juice.
Today in Bulgaria there is a serious problem with how we feed our children. The Ministry of Education is trying to put in order, but there is no shortage of news about closed facilities in schools where children are, or rather, food that does not suit them. The idea was to offer children hot food. The divided question of what was offered to teenagers was far from being the most healthy. The student and student chairs picked up the biggest junk, and instead of preparing fresh fruits, vegetables and meat, everything was from cans.
Every child should receive hot meals. Reasonable mode provides a well-coordinated, without interruptions and overloads, the work of the gastrointestinal tract, good digestion of food and the normal course of metabolism, and as a result of excellent well-being. A growing body needs four meals a day.
Dear parents! Be attentive to the health of your children.
At another time, also known as the time of the king, things in our country are somewhat different. Then the parents waited for school supplies with the pupils on duty under the supervision of the maids to cook dinner during the day. In most cases we are talking about some kind of soup, salad and rarely something like banitsa.
What are the traditions in other countries of the world? By law, all children under the age of 14 in Iran are entitled to a daily glass of milk, some pistachios, fresh fruit, and cookies. But mothers often give their children lunch with rice, tomatoes, and lamb kebabs. The school feeding system in South Korea is one of the best in the world. Children's lunch menus usually include soup and side dishes, salads, seafood, vegetables and fruits. For infirm children, fish oil is additionally given in scoops. Popular children's meals include kimchi, sesame leaves, rice with honey sauce, potato soup and pumpkin, green onion pancakes, pepper and octopus, cucumber and carrot salad.
"School food is a guarantee of the health of the younger generation."
Hot meals for children while in school is one of the important conditions for maintaining their health and ability to learn effectively. Good organization of school meals leads to an improvement in the indicators of the level of public health, especially children, given that they spend most of their time at school. Therefore, nutrition is one of the important factors determining the health of the younger generation. A full and balanced diet contributes to the prevention of diseases, increasing efficiency and academic performance, physical and mental development of children and adolescents, creates conditions for their adaptation to modern life. Rational nutrition of students is one of the conditions for creating a health-saving environment in a general education institution, reducing the negative effects and consequences of the functioning of the educational system.
The approach to school meals is almost the same as in South Korea. Children should be given hot soup, rice, meat, salad and milk. Students cannot carry food home until they attend high school. There are no vending machines in schools. In addition, no one ate in the canteen in Japan. There, children wear white clothes and carry food to the classroom.
Fried potatoes, carrots, boiled rice, vegetable salad, fruit and belgian waffles with chocolate. The budget of many schools is limited, so children often offer the so-called fast foods. Peaches, corn, chicken and soup. In American schools, food is different, and everyone can choose what they want. There are also fast food and convenience foods, french fries, pizza. That's why parents often set up their own children's menu, forcing them to go to school with typical American language boxes or food boxes where they have lunch.
Insufficient intake of nutrients in childhood affects the indicators of physical development, morbidity, progress, contributes to the manifestation of metabolic disorders and chronic pathology. The Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” retains the obligation of an educational institution to organize meals for students, to provide room for children's meals, to provide for a break of sufficient duration. The school is a vital environment, using which you can influence the process of proper nutrition and form the right skills and stereotypes for students on this issue.
Baby food is prepared at home. Rye bread, walnuts, grapes, apple, pomegranate and yogurt. Anything that stimulates the brain. Pork in sweet and sour sauce, rice and pudding in banana leaves. Lunch at a school in the western part of France. Fish, spinach, potatoes, green salad, cheese and bread. The tray is considered the staple food throughout the day. Lunch break lasts from one to two hours. Children have the opportunity to go home and have lunch there.
In Finland there is a responsible approach to the problem of school feeding. Each child relies on snacks during the morning classes, lunch, and if there are evening activities, he is given breakfast again. Children eat in the dining room, each of which selects a variety of dishes offered by chefs. Every school should know if there is a child who needs to be on a diet and watch what he needs to offer. The same is true if parents point to religious reasons.
At school there are effective opportunities for carrying out work on health protection and healthy nutrition. It is the school age that is the period when the child’s main development takes place and a way of life is formed, including the type of food. Organized school meals are governed by sanitary rules and regulations, and therefore largely comply with the principles of good nutrition. Many students have little understanding of nutrition as part of a healthy lifestyle.
In Hungarian schools, they eat children, do not joke. This is a dinner for a child, as you can see, he has everything. Healthy nutrition of students in Zlatarsk secondary school. The cafeteria and school bureau of the Zlatar school operate in full compliance with Decree No. 37 “On healthy nutrition for students”. Read the Decree: Ministry of Health.
Drinks are available only for the following beverages: bottled natural mineral, spring and table water; natural 100% fruit and vegetable juices; fruit and vegetable nectars, in which the content of mono - and disaccharides does not exceed 20% of the total mass of the product; dairy, dairy and yoghurt drinks with fat content up to 2%; fruit and herbal tea; warm chocolate.
The main problems of schoolchildren nutrition are related to eating out of school, abuse of chips, fast food, crackers, candy, chocolate bars, etc. This is usually due to lack of awareness and / or parental connivance.
Healthy (rational) nutrition is one of the main components of a healthy lifestyle, one of the main factors prolonging the period of active life of the body.
The menu in the cafeteria Menu is made by a consultant on nutrition and diet. The menu is prepared weekly and includes: salad and main course or main course and dessert. The food is varied, corresponds to the tastes of students and is prepared every morning before the birth. Food consumption - disposable dishes and packages.
Catering in the cafeteria at the Zlatar school is based on a pre-order delivery system. Coupons are a quarter and are estimated at 360 leva per quarter. We invite parents to get an idea of the state of food by visiting a cafe. Hat School School of the School of Zlatar Food and Drinks offered in the school canteen, fully comply with the Decree number 37 "On healthy nutrition for students." The buffet offers sandwiches, desserts, fruits, vegetables, biscuits, dairy desserts, dairy products, cereal, cereal and chocolate.
Currently, there is a significant change in the attitudes of people
first of all, the socially active segments of the population, to their own health: the old ideas that health is worth nothing disappear, the cost of it does not give any return and can be neglected.
It is becoming increasingly clear that it is health that is the most valuable property of a person, since it determines his working capacity in modern society and, accordingly, the standard of living and well-being.
In school lunches, as much salt as you need to eat every day, warns the State Institute of Health. The rules according to which school lunch, data on the maximum amount of salt, for example, do not contain. These experts criticize and call for food after the modernization of the so-called consumer basket, which grew more than 20 years ago, and the chefs and chefs in schools are still cooking.
“Of course, we need to update it and take into account new knowledge about nutrition,” says Pavel Dlouhy from the Institute of Nutrition at the Medical Faculty of Charles University. He can imagine that he will replace it with a completely new system, which is mainly focused on a variety of diets. There is a long turn to talk about it so far, it seems that she finally can come.
The nutrition of a modern person is becoming a major risk factor for the development of many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the endocrine system, the cardiovascular system and oncological processes.
In the human body there is no organ or system, on the nature of the diet which would not depend on its normal functioning and performance.
“We are developing a methodology that needs to be more modern and simple,” says Alexandra Khoplova, who is responsible for the standard of school feeding at the State Health Institute. During the past year, he studied food in selected educational institutions in all countries. He wants to chart out how to have a school lunch in terms of nutritional recommendations, such as adhering to the limitations of the said salad, sugar or fat.
The document that must pass a school for children. It contains data on how many children should receive meat, fish, milk, vegetables, fruits, beans during the month. The number of children varies depending on the age of the children. However, the quality or variety of diets does not work. This is a nutritional recommendation issued by the State Institute of Health last year. But, apart from the consumer basket, they are not tied to schools.
Proper nutrition plays a huge role at every stage of development of the body. The physiological meaning of nutrition: the greater the choice of nutritious and vitamin dishes, the more complete the provision of the body with essential nutrients. Despite the fact that the issue of “nutrition” applies to each person several times a day and has a systematic impact on the state of health, this topic has not yet been given due attention. School program and educational standard of secondary education do not mention principles healthy eating. The topic of “catering” is not taught in pedagogical educational institutions.
If school supplies are full, check school inspections. According to her, 83 percent of children are in school. This year, she showed that the school's educational standards are not particularly suitable for milk and dairy products, fish, fruits and beans. Less than six percent yards exceeded the limits of fat content and free sugars.
While the consumer basket is watching how many children eat meat, they don’t even know if they are good or have a goblin. We do not know if there is any quality olive oil or palm oil. For 20 years, when the values were set, only the work was adjusted. For example, when it was discovered that a certain amount of sugar was so high that cooks had to add cooks to the diet in accordance with the standard. “It has been adjusted so that the maximum limit of the value to be respected is reached,” says Long.
Promoting healthy eating is important not only to attract parental funds for food, but also because the eating habits that a person acquired in childhood are preserved by a person until old age. These habits are formed in the family and the system of organized baby food. Directly affecting family life is almost impossible, so school canteen is the main place where a growing person learns how to eat healthy.
Chefs and cooks from yards are already used to the consumer basket. “He gives you some clues, although he also contains illogical things from my point of view,” says Schleck Grabikov, head of the school department elementary school Emily Lukhov in Ostrava-Chrabuvka. For example, it does not indicate whether the maternity school is for a child from a maternity hospital where they eat a day, or a basic school child, where he simply serves. “A child has more fruits after eating and staple food, even if she should not eat after meals,” says Grabic.
Providing students with high-grade hot meals is directly related to the preservation of public health. According to the definition of the World Health Organization, “Health is not only the absence of diseases and physical defects, but a state of complete physical, spiritual and social well-being”. Children, especially of school age, turned out to be one of the most vulnerable groups of the population amid the ongoing socio-economic transformations in the country.
Society In fact, the healthy school again criticizes the large amount of milk that children should have on weekends. “The average person usually does not get a glass of milk for lunch, why should they give to their children,” says Margit Slimbek, a consultant in this area.
In recent years, after the excitement of criticism of smoking in school halls, it has improved and modernized. For many schools, you will not see a brown sauce of unnatural taste. More often cooked bulgurs, couscous and similar modern foodstuffs, work more with fresh vegetables. But it depends on the choices or actions of the school’s school manager and the cook to decide whether to change the diet. They are often parents who make changes because their child is used to other foods, and she refuses to make school supplies.
For students attending an after-school group, 2 meals a day should be organized: breakfast and lunch, and in some cases lunch and afternoon tea. Children who attend an after-school group should receive at least 50 percent of the daily diet at school. To cover the increased daily energy expenditure, it is necessary that the diet for children of primary school age contain 2200-2700 kcal per day.
Schooling causes a lot of difficulties in the nutrition of children. Often in the morning they eat little and reluctantly, hardly able to persuade the child to drink at least
a glass of milk. Often it is necessary to make efforts so that he can eat calmly, without haste. A child who has no appetite because of tiredness after school will need rest before lunch.
Long-term interruptions in food intake are completely unacceptable. For example,
if a student has a break between lunch and dinner for 6-7 hours, then in a few weeks he will start to get dizzy, lethargy, weakness will appear, it will become harder for him to learn. In addition, after a long break, the child, very hungry and eagerly lashing out on food, chews it badly. A large amount of food swallowed hastily, is poorly digested and will not be helpful. There may be severe pain in the abdomen, nausea and even vomiting, and subsequently diseases of the digestive system.
It should, however, be remembered that even organized food at school it will not give a good result if the family does not pay attention to the child’s food.
The basic principles of the organization of rational nutrition retain their relevance for people of all ages. Let's call them again:
2. Balancing the diet for all replaceable and irreplaceable nutritional factors.
3. The maximum variety of diet, which is the main condition for ensuring its balance.
5. Adequate technological and culinary processing of products and dishes, ensuring their high taste qualities and preservation of the original nutritional value.
6. Taking into account the individual characteristics of children.
7. Ensuring food safety, including the observance of all sanitary requirements for the state of the food processing unit, foodstuffs supplied, their transportation, storage, cooking and meals.
However, the organization of nutrition of adolescents, schoolchildren 10-17 years old has its own characteristics, which consists in taking into account all the changes that occur in the children's body at this age. During this period, special attention should be paid to the following points:
* There is an intensive growth of the whole organism, comparable to the rate of human development in the first year of life.
* All major systems are developed: the musculoskeletal (especially the skeleton), there is an increase in muscle mass (taking into account sexual characteristics), cardiovascular and nervous systems, and also there is a radical hormonal reorganization of an organism, connected with puberty of the teenager.
* Against the background of all physical adjustment, the stress on the psycho-emotional sphere is increasing.
* Not only the school load increases, but also the tension caused by the social adaptation of the teenager.
Proper organization of nutrition of schoolchildren can help in solving very many problems that arise in adolescence. Now it is especially important to provide the body with all the resources, not only for growth and development, but also for increasing loads at school and puberty.
It was during these years - in fact, starting from 10 years old - the child becomes an adult. And this applies to his physical development, and psycho-emotional, and intellectual. The child develops new rules for adulthood. He learns responsibility and independence, learns to build his relations with people in a new way.
It is also important that it is during this period of growing up that the child learns to independently follow the diet, eat rationally, regardless of adult supervision. Firstly, to help your body in difficult work now, and secondly, to develop a habit that will be useful in independent living. After all, our health depends on how we eat.
In drawing up the ration for schoolchildren of 10–17 years old, changes in the physiological needs for nutrients and energy are taken into account, depending on the age and sex of the child.
Average daily norms of physiological needs for nutrients and energy for children and adolescents of school age
Mineral substances mg
Vitamins
|
Substances |
7-10 years |
11-13, boys |
11-13 girls |
14-17, young men |
14-17, girls |
|
Folate, mcg |
|||||
The approximate weight of the daily diet (net) of adolescents 14-17 years old is about 2.5 kg.
Based on these data, it is possible to form the average daily set of products required for schoolchildren.
|
Products |
School age |
|||
|
7-10 years |
11-13 years old |
14-17 years old boys |
14-17 years old girls |
|
|
Wheat Bread |
||||
|
Rye bread |
||||
|
Wheat flour |
||||
|
Cereals, legumes, pasta |
||||
|
Potatoes |
||||
|
Different vegetables |
||||
|
Fresh fruit |
||||
|
Dry fruits |
||||
|
Confectionery |
||||
|
Butter |
||||
|
Vegetable oil |
||||
|
Milk, KMPr |
||||
|
Meat, poultry, sausages |
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The diet of the student is directly related to the schedule of his day. Most of the time teenagers spend at school. In this regard, the alternation of mental loads and rest periods should be taken into account. During a period of significant mental stress, nutrition must be fractional and easily digestible. A dense part of the diet, a hearty lunch, supplying proteins and fats and requiring long digestion should be postponed for a period of more or less long rest.
Typical dietary regimes for schoolchildren when training in the first and second shifts.
First shift
* 7.30 - 8.00 Breakfast at home
* 10.00 - 11.00 Hot breakfast at school
* 12.00 - 13.00 Lunch at home or at school
* 19.00 - 19.30 Dinner at home
Second shift
* 8.00 - 8.30 Breakfast at home
* 12.30 - 13.00 Lunch at home (before going to school)
* 16.00 - 16.30 Hot meals at school
* 19.30 - 20.00 Dinner at home
When catering in schools, the basic biomedical requirements should be kept in mind:
1. School ration should consist of breakfast and lunch and provide 25% and 35% daily needs accordingly, and according to the content of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, mineral salts and microelements, breakfast and lunch in total should provide 55-60% of the recommended daily physiological requirements.
2. Rations should be distributed according to their energy value, protein content, fat, etc. depending on age.
3. It is necessary to adhere to the diet - breakfast before going to school, second lunch at school (10-11 hours), necessary for replenishing energy and food supplies, intensively spent in the learning process; lunch (at home or at school) and dinner (no later than 2 hours before bedtime).
4. School meals should be sparing as in the way of preparation (restriction fried foods), and in its chemical composition (restriction of synthetic food additives, salt, spices, etc.).
Unfortunately, it is not necessary to wait for the fulfillment of all requirements by the modern school. In addition, it is not at all possible to take into account the individual characteristics of each teenager. Therefore, children and their parents should do a lot in this direction themselves.
Breakfast at home
Often children do not have a good breakfast before school or refuse to eat at all. This can badly affect their health. On the other hand, in this difficult age it is impossible to solve the problem by force, and it is not worth it. How does a child get the nutrition that he just needs?
Adults should watch taste preferences teenager and try to offer the student for breakfast something useful and tasty. Explain to him why it is so important to eat before school.
Food for breakfast should not be "heavy", supersaturated fats. It could be a fish boiled egg or scrambled eggs, chops, cottage cheese, porridge. And certainly - some vegetables. You can supplement the menu with tea, cocoa with milk or juice.
Breakfast with you
With a school you can give a sandwich with boiled meat or cheese. You can offer the child to take yogurt, bagels, pies, buns. If possible, you can make cheesecakes and casseroles for your child. Autumn is especially good apples, pears, cucumber or carrots. A schoolboy can take juice, fruit juice or tea with a thoroughly washed flask or bottle.
It is very important to bear in mind that some products can deteriorate quickly at room temperature. Meat products deteriorate especially quickly. Stale cooked sausage only hurts the stomach. Especially this topic is relevant for the cold season, when the schools include heating, and products deteriorate faster.
Hot lunch
"School sandwich" can not replace full lunch. Therefore, it is important to explain to the child, especially if he stays after the lessons on the “extension”, which is very important and useful to eat “hot”. If the child is in class until an hour or two, and then goes home, adults should make sure that there is a full meal waiting for him.
Home packaging
Of great importance is how the school breakfast is packed, and in what conditions the child will eat it. You can use plastic sudochki or food wrap. In sudochkah food will not lose its primary form, does not stain textbooks. But breakfast, packaged in film, in terms of food hygiene is safer and more convenient. After all, it is no secret that schoolchildren do not always wash their hands before eating. In this package, you can bite a sandwich and not touch it, holding only the film. True, this does not mean that the child does not need to worry about clean hands. Parents should tell the student about the importance of personal hygiene for their health.
Diet
Many adolescents in connection with the restructuring of the whole organism often have problems with metabolism and, as a result, problems with obesity and. Sometimes these troubles seem to adults to be insignificant, but for the teenager they are very painful. It is important not to leave the child alone with these problems, especially since many of them are corrected with the help of a properly chosen diet.
In this case, in no case can not form this diet on their own, without the help of a nutritionist. Because in any case, the child should receive all the necessary substances and trace elements. Any fasting, fasting days, diets with a strict calorie restriction, heavy even for an adult organism are categorically excluded.
All of these problems are usually temporary and are eliminated due to a balanced diet, day regimen and exercise. However, if the violations are more serious, then treatment issues should be resolved by specialists.